Charaka Shareera Sthana seventh Chapter Shareera Sankhya Shareeram

seventh chapter of Charaka Shareera sthana offers with “the enumeration of the organs as conducive to the understanding of the human physique”. The chapter title is Shareera Sankhya Shaareeram.

We will now discover the chapter on “the enumeration of the organs as conducive to the understanding of the human physique”. Thus stated Lord Atreya [1-2]
Learn – Shareera: Formation Of Human Physique, Ayurvedic Idea

Question about organs of physique

With a view to determine the quantity and measurement of your complete physique by classifying the physique in response to its part organs, Agnivesha requested Lord Atreya to enumerate the organs of the physique. [3]

Six layers of pores and skin

Lord Atreya replied, “Hearken to meattentively O! Agnivesha! I shall describe your complete physique in acceptable method as per your questions”

There are six layers of pores and skin as follows:
First one is the exterior layer which is named Udaka-Dhara (containing / made up of watery substance of Lymph).
The second layer is Asrgdara (containing blood, capillaries)
The third layer is the location for the manifestation of Sidhma (a kind of determatosis) and Kilasa (Leucoderma)
The fourth layer is the location for the manifestation of Dadru (ring-worm) and Kustha (obstinate pores and skin ailments together with leprosy)
The fifth Layer is the location for the manifestation of Alaji (boil) and Vidradhi (abscess).
The sixth layer is that by the excision of which the person will get trembling and enters into darkness (will get fainting) like a blind man. On this layer the boils manifest within the joints that are blackish crimson in color and are deep rooted. Such boils are extraordinarily tough of remedy. These are the six layers of the pores and skin by which your complete physique together with its six organs (elements) stay coated. [4]
Learn – Indicators Of Good Pores and skin Well being (Twak Sara Purusha Lakshanas)

Components of the physique

The physique is split into six elements, viz. Two higher limbs, head together with neck and the trunk. (These are the six elements of the physique). [5]

Variety of bones

Together with tooth, sockets of tooth and nails, bones within the physique are 360 in quantity. They’re as follows:

Enamel- 32
Sockets of teeth- 32
Nails – 20
Phalangeal bones of fingers and feet- 60
Meta phalangeal bones of fingers and feet- 20
Six bones which from the bottom to assist the meta phalangeal bones of fingers & feet- 4
Parshni (bones of heels or calcaneus)-2
Gulpha (ankle bones) – 4
Mani (wrist bones) – 2
Aratni (bones of forearms) – 4
 Jangha (bones of legs) – 4
Janu (bones of knees) – 2
 Janu Kapala (knee caps) -2
Hole bones of thighs (femurs)-2
Hole bones of arms (humerus) – 2
Amsa (bones of the Shoulder)-2
Amsaphalaka (shoulder blades) – 2
Aksaka (clavicles) – 2
Jatru (wind pipe) – 2
Talu (palated bones) – 2
Bhagasthi (public bone) – 2
Bhagasthi (public bone) – 1
Bones of the again – 45
Bone of the neck – 15
Bone of chest – 14
Bones of the edges (ribs) – 24
Sockets (for ribs) – 24
Tubercles within the sockets (for ribs) – 24
Hanvasthi or Jawbone (decrease) – 1
Hanumula Bandhana (bones which preserve the decrease jaw locked up) -2
Bone constituting of cheeks and brow – 1
Sankha (temporal bones) -2
Sirah kapala (pan formed bones of the top) – 4
Thus the 360 bones together with tooth, sockets of bones and nails are accounted for. [6]
Learn – Asthi Shareera – Definition, Anatomy, Varieties Of Bones

Sensory and motor organs

There are 5 organs of senses i.e.

• Pores and skin
• Tongue
• Nostril
• Two eyes and
• Two ears

These are 5 sense schools i.e.

• Tactile
• Gustatory
• Olfactory
• Visible and
• Auditory

There are 5 motor organs i.e.

• Two fingers
• Two ft
• Anus
• Intercourse organs and
• Tongue

The location of consciousness is just one, i.e. the guts. [7-8]

Resorts of life

There are ten resorts of life, viz,

• Head
• Throat
• Coronary heart
• Umbilicus
• Anus
• Bladder
• Ojas
• Semen
• Blood and
• Flesh

Of them the primary six organs are often called Marma (important organs) [9]
Learn – Involvement Of Doshas In Formation Of Organs

Visceras

Kosthangas (viscera within the thorax and stomach) are fifteen in quantity. They’re

• Nabhi (umbilicus)
• Hrdaya (coronary heart)
• Kloman (lungs)
• Yakrt (liver)
• Pliha (spleen)
• Vrkkau (two kidneys)
• Basti (urinary bladder)
• Purisadhara (pelvic colon)
• Amashaya (abdomen)
• Pakvashaya (colon)
• Uttaraguda (rectum)
• Adharaguda (anus)
• Ksudrantra (small gut)
• Sthulantra (massive gut) and
• Vapavahana (omentum). [10]

Learn – Pratyangas: The minor organs, Definition, Quantity

Pratyangas or sub-parts of physique

Within the six Angas (elements of the physique) there are about 56 Pratyngas (sub-parts). They weren’t described earlier than whereas enumerating the six elements of the physique. They’re enumerated beneath following a special mode of classification:

• Janghapindika (calves) – 2
• Urupindika (muscular portion of the thigh) – 2
• Sphik (buttocks) – 2
• Vrsana (testicles) – 2
• Sepha (phallus) – 1
• Ukha (Elevations bordering axillae) – 2
• Vanksana (groins) – 2
• Kukundara (hips) – 2
• Vastisirsa (pelvis) – 1
• Udara- (stomach) – 1
• Stana (breasts) – 2
• Slesmabhu (tonsils) – 2
• Bahupidika (muscular portion of arms – 2)
• Cibuka (chin) – 1
• Ostha(lips) – 2
• Srkkani (angles of the mouth – 2)
• Dantavestaka (gums) – 2
• Talu (Palate) – 1
• Galasundika (uvula) – 1
• Upajihvika (ear holes) – 2
• Gojhva (tongue or the organs of the ear) – 2
• Ganda (cheeks) – 2
• Karnasaskulika (ear holes) – 2
• Karnaputraka (exterior portion of the ear) – 2
• Aksikuta (orbit of eye) – 2
• Aksivartma (eye bids) – 4
• Aksikaninuka (medial angles of the eyes close to the nostril) – 2
• Bhru (eye brows) – 2
• Avatu (thyroid) – 1
• Panipadahrdaya (soles of fingers and ft) – 4 [11]

Main orifices

There are 9 main orifices – seven within the head and two beneath:
The above are the seen components and are able to description. [12-13]
Learn – Srotas: Physique Channels and Duct techniques – Straightforward Clarification

Enumeration of different organs

Past what’s described above may be ascertained from inference solely.  They’re enumerated beneath:

• Snayu (sinew / ligaments) – 900
• Sira (veins) – 700
• Dhamani (arteries) – 200Muscles – 400
• Marma (important elements within the physique) – 107
• Joints – 200
• Terminals of the tremendous ramifications of the veins and arteries- 29956
• Kesha(hair), Smashru (beard and moustaches) and loma (small hair) – 2994

Tvak (pores and skin) and many others., enumerated above are correctly seen and the variety of the remaining may be ascertained by inference solely. Each these classes don’t endure any variation through the regular state of the person’s physique. [14]

Measurement of liquid constituents of physique

Substance of the physique which may be measured by quantity taking Anjali (house created by becoming a member of each the fingers within the type of a cup) as a unit are actually being described. The measurement described right here pertains to the perfect normal. These substances can endure variation within the type of enhance or lower in a standard particular person and this may be ascertained by inference.
Learn – Anjali Pramana: Quantity Measurement As Per Ayurveda

Measurement of those substances are given beneath:

Thus the varied components within the physique are described. [15]

Mahabhautic predominance in varied constituents

These organs are dominated by one or different of the Mahabhutas. Their particular traits are given beneath:

The soul, the mind and the thoughts whereas stimulating the varied sense organs in the direction of their objects are dominated by the qualities of the respective sense organs. Thus the physique divided into varied gross organs is merited. [16]

Learn – Panchamahabhuta: Software, Areas of Utility in Ayurveda remedy

Innumerability of organs of physique

Paramanus are the minute cells / items of the physique and so they can’t be counted as a result of (1) they’re past sensory notion. These Paramanus make up the organs of the physique. Primarily based on the innumerability of the paramanus, the variety of organs of the physique can also be thought of as innumerable. Vayu, the precise nature of the outcomes of the previous motion and the fundamental nature related to these Paramanus are liable for their union and disjunction. [17]

Information of organs of the body- salvation

When this physique composed of assorted elements is perceived as one unit, this results in attachment; when the varied composing components are seen as separate from one another, this results in salvation. Of the varied elements, the Soul is unattached. When He dissociates Himself from all (beneficial and unfavourable) manifestations, there may be salvation (from the worldly affairs). [18]
Learn – Significance Of Soul In Notion Of Information: Atma Jnana

The doctor, who is aware of the variety of varied parts of the physique of their entirety, doesn’t affiliate himself with phantasm which is brought on by ignorance. Due to the absence of phantasm he doesn’t get troubled with the faults (of such phantasm) and being free from faults, he turns into unattached and peaceable which ends up in the prevention of his rebirth. [19-20]

Thus ends the seventh chapter of Sharira Part on “The Enumeration of Organs as conducive to the understanding of the human physique” of Agnivesha’s work as redacted by Charaka [7]

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